Ammonium metatungstate, AMT for short, a kind of white crystallized powder, is mainly applied for petroleum industry. And it can also be used in the manufacture of various petrochemical catalysts and other tungsten compounds. Its molecular formula is (NH4) 6H2W12O40 • XH2O. AMT is usually used as one of the precursors of tungsten carbide (WC) catalyst, and the properties of AMT precursor affect the morphology and size distribution of WC microsphere, which have a finally effect on the catalyst activity.…
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Violet tungsten oxide, VTO for short, is powder shaped and violet displayed. VTO is mainly applied for the production of tungsten powder and tungsten carbide powder. It is produced by rotary calcining ammonium paratungstate at closely controlled temperatures in a reducing atmosphere. What is the morphological structure of VTO? VTO’s phase composition is WO2.72 (or W18O49), a different form of tungsten oxide, with unique crystal structure differing from other tungsten oxide’s. Its morphology is significantly different from the other three…
Blue tungsten oxide (BTO), also known as tungsten blue oxide (TBO) or β-tungsten oxide, is a compound of tungsten and oxygen. The measured density of BTO is 7.15g/cm3, the density measured by X-ray is 7.16g/cm3, and the range of homogeneous phase is WO2.8975~2.9014 (1000°C). Its formula is WO3-x. BTO’s composition is very complex, which may also exist WO2, WO3 and ammonium salts. Its most common form is WO2.9. BTO is manufactured by calcination of APT under more or less reducing…
Yellow tungsten oxide, YTO for short, has a yellow to bright green color. Its formula is WO3. It is used for the production of tungsten metal powder. Products passing 60 mesh screen. It keeps stable in the atmospheric temperature. Its apparent density is 2.3~2.8g/cm3. The crystal size is about 1.5um, it is yellow (made from tungstic acid) and is used as a catalyst. The crystal size is about 15um, showing bright green (made by calcining ammonium paratungstate), for the production…
Pyrochlore-type tungsten trioxide, also known as pyrochlore-type H2W2O7, can be used for the preparation of tungsten oxide, for laminated composite, for sensors and other fields. Its application to be developed because there is still no way to mass production. Its formula is H2W2O7 or WO3 • 0.5H2O. Production method: 1. Hydrothermal synthesis method. Acidification of sodium tungstate solution to a certain pH range (pH> 3.5, and within the alkaline range), then, hydrothermal reaction to a certain time. 2. Adopt the…
Tungsten oxydichloride, an important compound in the tungsten metallurgy process, is produced by the reaction of metal tungsten, tungsten trioxide and tungsten hexachloride at 450°C or by the reaction of tungsten oxytetrachloride and tin dichloride. Its formula is WOCl2. Physical properties of WOCl2: 1. Golden brown needle crystal, monoclinic structure. 2. Density is 5.92g/cm3. Chemical properties of WOCl2: 1. It is stable in the air. 2. It is easily decomposed by nitric acid (HNO3). 3. Under vacuum, at the temperature…
Tungsten oxytetrachloride can be prepared by the reaction of tungsten trioxide (WO3) and thionyl chloride (SOCl₂), carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) or tungsten hexachloride (WCl₆). Its formula is WOCl4. Physical properties of WOCl4: 1. Orange-red needle crystal, tetragonal crystal structure. 2. Density is 3.95g/cm3 (solid) or 2.73g/cm3 (liquid). 3. Melting point is 211 °C. 4. Boiling point is 232 °C. Chemical properties of WOCl4: 1. It is soluble in carbon disulfide (CS2), benzene and other organic solvents. 2. It is easy to…
Nano tungsten oxide, an important industrial raw material, is a compound of tungsten with grain size less than 100nm. Nano WO3 can be used to prepare nano tungsten powder and nano tungsten carbide powder. Early, common nanometer tungsten oxide producing method is solid phase reaction method. Solid phase reaction method, a traditional method, refers to mix metal salt or metal oxide with a certain ratio, after grinding, calcinate it by solid phase reaction, and then micron powder is obtained. Applications:…
Hexagonal tungsten trioxide has prospect application in cathode material and chargeable lithium ion battery. Hexagonal WO3 is metastable state phase. Its producing method is mild. It can be made by hydrothermal method, using sodium tungstate and hydrochloric acid as raw material, and then adding like potassium oxalate and potassium sulphate as additives. How about hexagonal tungsten oxide structure? Hexagonal WO3 is focused due to its special hexagonal path, many metal ion can insert to this path which forms into hexagonal…
Orthorhombic phase tungsten trioxide, i.e. tungsten trioxide with orthorhombic phase (WO3), can be prepared by hydrothermal synthesis (using different precursors and regulators, under the conditions of suitable temperature, concentration and pH). According to simple chemical stoichiometric ratio, W:O is 1:3, its ideal crystalline structure can be seen as W atom in the center and the other six surrounded by it. Tungsten oxide octahedron (WO6) is joined by the same dome, there are many vacancies between octahedron and forms many paths.…